Glossary
Citizenship-by-investment glossary
The key terms you’ll meet, explained in plain English.
In short
Short, clear definitions of the terms that come up in Turkish citizenship by investment — from CBI and TAPU to the E-2 visa and source of funds.
- Citizenship by investment (CBI)
- A legal route to citizenship in exchange for a qualifying investment, such as Turkey’s programme requiring real estate held for three years.
- TAPU
- The Turkish title deed — the official Land Registry record of property ownership, central to a real-estate citizenship application.
- No-sale annotation
- A note added to the title deed committing the owner not to sell the property for three years, a condition of qualifying through real estate.
- Government-approved valuation
- An independent appraisal by a licensed, authorised valuer used to confirm the property meets the US$400,000 threshold — not the purchase price.
- Residence permit
- A short-term permit issued in the investment route to support the citizenship application; it does not require living in Turkey.
- Naturalisation
- Acquiring citizenship over time, normally through years of residency. The investment route grants citizenship based on the investment instead.
- US E-2 visa
- A US investor visa open only to nationals of treaty countries. Turkey is a treaty country, so Turkish citizens can apply; Bangladeshis cannot directly.
- EB-5
- A US investor green-card programme requiring roughly US$800,000–US$1,050,000, distinct from the E-2 visa.
- Dual citizenship
- Holding two nationalities. Turkey permits it; Bangladesh allows it with many countries, often via a Dual Nationality Certificate.
- Source of funds
- Documented evidence of where investment money came from — a standard anti-money-laundering requirement for the citizenship application.
- NRB
- Non-Resident Bangladeshi — a status that can open compliant funding structures for investing abroad within the rules.
- Power of attorney (PoA)
- A legal authorisation letting a representative act on your behalf, enabling much of the process to be completed remotely from Bangladesh.
- Golden visa
- A residency-by-investment scheme (e.g., Greece, formerly Portugal/Spain). Unlike Turkey’s programme, a golden visa grants residency, not citizenship.
- Donation route
- A non-refundable contribution to a government fund used by Caribbean CBI programmes — cheaper on sticker price but not recoverable, unlike Turkish real estate.
- Visa-free access
- The ability to enter a country without a prior visa (or with visa-on-arrival). The Turkish passport offers this to 110+ countries (verify the current list).
- Apostille
- An international certification authenticating a public document for use abroad; some Bangladeshi documents require it or consular legalisation.
- Treaty country
- A country with a relevant agreement with another — e.g., a US E-2 treaty country whose citizens may apply for the E-2 visa. Turkey qualifies.
- Holding period
- The minimum time a qualifying investment must be maintained — three years for Turkish citizenship by investment.
- Bangladesh Bank controls
- Foreign-exchange controls governing how capital may move abroad from Bangladesh; all compliant funding must operate within them.
- Fixed-capital investment
- A qualifying US$500,000 investment in a Turkish business, certified by the Ministry of Industry and Technology, as an alternative to real estate.
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